Genus Tychius Germ. - Palaearctic species

Apeltarius (Caldara, 1978)Outer margin of tibia prominent at apex. Rostrum, in lateral view, cylindrical to apex, usually slightly sinuous at base along upper margin. Body robust and large. Prothorax often strongly narrowed at apex, transverse, about as wide as elytra, which are short, heart-shaped, convex, with odd elytral interspaces completely or partly covered with pale scales. South-Mediterranean Region. Subgenus.

→ 1a-Outer margin of tibia rounded to straight at apex. Above-mentioned characters not contemporaneously present. Subgenus Tychius.

morawitzi, bajtenovi and heydeni groups (Caldara, 1986)Articles of antenna! funicle cylindrical, covered with recumbent, subelliptical to subrounded scales. Pronotum usually completely covered with broad, subrounded, imbricated scales and setalike scales intermixed. Southern Russia, Anterior Asia, Mongolia, North Africa.

→ 2-Articles of antenna! funicle subglobose, covered with suberect setalike scales. Vestiture of pronotum otherwise.

→ 3Scales of elytral interspaces (except interspace 1) both narrow, setalike to rectangular, and broad, elliptical to oval to rounded [Abb. 1] [Abb. 2].

→ 73-Scales of elytral interspaces (except interspace 1) uniform, hairlike to rectangular or elliptical to oval [Abb. 3].

→ 4Body robust (length mm 3.5-6). Elytral interspaces completely concealed by dense, imbricated, broad, oval to elliptical or lanceolate scales, unevenly arranged (one interspace is covered in width by 4 to 7 scales) with sparse narrow, lanceolate scales, partly feebly raised [Abb. 1]. Scales on abdomen partly indented at apex. Asiatic species.

→ 8-Length < 4 mm. Elytral vestiture otherwise. Scales on abdomen truncated to rounded at apex.

→ 5Metafemur with a large tooth.

→ 7-Metafemur either with a small tooth or unarmed.

gigas🗺Rostrum in ♀ very long, nearly straight in lateral view [Abb. 4]. Prothorax strongly transverse. Turkmenistan.

→ 6-Rostrum in ♀ shorter, in lateral view distinctly curved.

maximus🗺Length mm 4.5-6. Prothorax subconical, subrectilinear laterally. Head [Abb. 5]. Spermatheka [Abb. 6]. Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan.

valens🗺-Length mm 3.5-4. Prothorax curved laterally. Turkmenistan: Alka-Kul, Steppe Keles.

herculeanus🗺Rostrum in ♂ short, stout [Abb. 7]. Elytra larger, subquadrate, in lateral view more convex. Pronotum with scales without metallic reflection. Scales on sides of pro thorax and on elytral interspaces longer, flattened. Kirgizstan (Thian-Schan), Nepal.

splendens🗺-Rostrum in ♂ elongate (as in maximus [Abb. 5]). Elytra longer, subrectangular, in lateral view more flattened. Scales with metallic reflection forming two distinct longitudinal vittae on pronotum. Scales on sides of pronotum and on elytral interspaces wider, slightly concave. Armenia.

→ 9Elytra elongate, subrectangular to subelliptical.

→ 52-Elytra short, subglobose, oval to oval-oblong.

→ 10Rostrum stout, scarcely sexually dimorphic [Abb. 8], with suberect elongate setae well visible in lateral aspect along lower side near antenna! insertion. Wider elytral scales elongate-elliptical to lanceolate, at least twice longer than wide.

→ 14-Rostrum thinner, distinctly sexually dimorphic, usually with only a few setae near antenna! insertion (more numerous in hiekei). Elytral scales often rounded.

→ 11Antenna! funicle with six articles.

→ 13-Antennal funicle with seven articles.

mozabitus🗺Elytral interspaces completely covered with dense, recumbent, Sl.lbelliptical to lanceolate scales, which are arranged in 2-3 uneven rows and distinctly imbricated, and with feebly raised setalike scales arranged in a median row; striae not visible. The wide scales covering pronotum too. Aedoeagus [Abb. 9]. Spermatheka [Abb. 10]. North Africa, Asia anteriore.

→ 12-Integument of elytral interspaces slightly exposed between broad, lanceolate scales, arranged on all interspaces, or at least on lateral interspaces, in 2 nearly regular rows with a median row of setalike scales; striae visible. The wide scales covering part of pronotum only.

festivus🗺Prothorax distinctly curved at sides; pronotum more convex, with broad scales sparsely interspersed throughout. Sometimes part of elytral interspaces covered with hairlike scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 11]. Spermatheka [Abb. 12]. Central to West Asia.

oschianus🗺-Prothorax slightly curved at sides; pronotum slightly convex, with broad scales only on sides and on mediobasal portion. Elytral interspaces always completely covered with broad scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 13]. Turkmenistan.

seriepilosus🗺Body thin. Pronotum with broad scales sparcely interspersed throughout. Wide scales on elytral interspaces arranged in 2 nearly regular rows. Leg elongate, metafemur subdentate, profemur in ♂ without fringe of scales. Head [Abb. 8]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 14]. Spermatheka [Abb. 15]. Syria, Palaestina.

-Body robust. Pronotum with broad scales only on sides and on medioba.sal portion. Wide scales on elytral interspaces ruffied, arranged in 2-3 uneven rows. Leg short, metafemur with a large tooth, profemur in ♂ with a short fringe of white scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 16]. Spermatheka [Abb. 17]. North Africa, Canary Islands. ...depauperatus

→ 15Elytral interspaces uniformly covered with broad scales, arranged either unevenly or in double rows, and with narrow, rectangular to hairlike scales, sometimes slightly raised and arranged in a median row [Abb. 18] [Abb. 19] [Abb. 20] [Abb. 21].

→ 24-Broad scales on elytral interspaces either sparsely interspersed throughout or partially arranged in double rows [Abb. 2] [Abb. 22] [Abb. 23].

→ 16🗺Elytral interspaces with broad, subrounded scales, arranged in 2-3 nearly regular rows, and with setalike scales, arranged in a median row (in sefrensis the latter present on odd elytral interspaces only) [Abb. 18] [Abb. 21].

→ 23-Elytral interspaces uniformly and densely covered with broad, oval to elliptical or trapezoidal scales, and with narrow, subrectangular to elliptical scales unevenly arranged [Abb. 19] [Abb. 20].

→ 17Antenna! funicle with six articles.

→ 19-Antenna! funicle with seven articles.

sefrensis🗺Vestiture on dorsum uniformly light brown. Even elytral interspaces without setalike scales [Abb. 18]. Tarsi elongate: articles 1 and 2 distinctly longer than wide, much narrower than article 3, which is strongly bilobate. Rostrum as in [Abb. 24]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 25]. Spermatheka [Abb. 26]. Algeria, Tunisia.

→ 18-Vestiture on dorsum bicoloured. Setalike scales arranged in a median row on each elytral interspace [Abb. 21]. Tarsal articles of standard shape.

capucinus🗺Claw process with length of 2/3 of claw. Eye prominent, with hind margin abruptly raised from surface of head. Scales on pronotum bicoloured: white, covering base and basal half of sides, and darker, yellowish to orange or dark brown, covering remaining portion. Rostrum as in [Abb. 27]. Spermatheka [Abb. 28]. Mediterranean Region.

hiekei🗺-Claw process small, with length of 1/3 of claw. Eye not prominent. Pronotum with setalike, brown scales, and with broad, subrounded, white scales sparsely interspersed throughout. Rostrum as in [Abb. 29]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 30]. Spermatheka [Abb. 31]. Armenia, Iran.

pierrei🗺Rounded scales on pronotum sparsely interspersed throughout. Rostrum in lateral view as in intrusus [Abb. 32], but slightly more curved. Spermatheka [Abb. 33]. Northwest Africa.

→ 20-Pronotum either without or with broad scales on sides only. Rostrum otherwise.

→ 21Pronotum covered with elliptical scales wider on sides than on disc.

fuscipes🗺-Pronotum uniformly covered with narrow, rectangular scales. Rostrum as in [Abb. 34]. Spermatheka [Abb. 35]. Algeria, Spain.

pristinus🗺Vestiture on dorsum dark brown and grayish. Rostrum as in [Abb. 36]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 37]. South Afghanistan.

→ 22-Vestiture on dorsum uniformly grayish to light brown. Rostrum otherwise.

reitteri🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 38]. Integument of head and pronotal disc narrowly exposed between generally setalike scales. Scales on elytral interspaces broad, not imbricated, arranged in double regular rows, and narrow, elongate, hairlike. Profemur in ♂ with a short fringe of scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 39]. Spermatheka [Abb. 40]. Caucasus, Balcan.

fremuthi🗺-Rostrum as in [Abb. 41]. Broader, subelliptical scales completely concealing integument of head and pronotal disc. Scales on elytral interspaces broad, dense, partly imbricated, arranged in less regular rows, and narrow, rectangular to subelliptical. Profemur in ♂ without fringe of scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 42]. Spermatheka [Abb. 43]. Iran, Egypt.

afflatus🗺Antenna! funicle with six articles. Tarsal article 3 slightly wider than article 2; claw process very small. Prothorax subconical. Elytra gibbous in periscutellar portion, with scarcely visible striae; scales on interspaces grayish and light brown, subtrapezoidal [Abb. 20]. In ♂ profemur with short fringe of scales, pro tibia with sharp tooth in middle. South Russia.

subsulcatus Tourn.🗺-Antenna! funicle with seven articles. Tarsal article 3 distinctly wider than article 2; claw process with length of 1/2 of claw. Prothorax transverse. Elytra regularly convex, with visible striae. Scales uniformly grayish to light brown, subelliptical [Abb. 19]. Leg scarcely sexually dimorphic (*). Aedoeagus [Abb. 44]. Spermatheka [Abb. 45]. Central to Eastern Europe. (*) See also tridentinus (rarely), but prothorax nearly as wide as long and metafemur toothed.

→ 25Broad scales on elytral interspaces (except interspace 1) more numerous, either largely or entirely covering some interspaces at least, lateral ones especially [Abb. 2] [Abb. 22].

→ 42-Broad scales on elytral interspaces (except interspace 1) sparsely interspersed throughout [Abb. 23].

→ 26Antenna! funicle with seven articles.

→ 41-Antenna! funicle with six articles.

→ 27Prothorax either subquadrate or subspherica.

→ 35-Prothorax transverse, either rectangular or distinctly curved laterally.

→ 28First three tarsal articles thinner, article 3 slightly wider than article 2.

→ 31-Tarsi more robust, article 3 distinctly wider than article 2.

kuschakewitschi🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 46]. Usually broad scales on pronotum sparsely interspersed throughout. South Russia.

→ 29-Rostrum otherwise.

vicinus🗺Rostrum as in intrusus [Abb. 32]. Prothorax subspherical. Aedoeagus [Abb. 47]. Spermatheka [Abb. 48]. Algerian Sahara.

→ 30-Rostrum as in [Abb. 49] and [Abb. 50]. Prothorax subquadrate.

amabilis🗺Pronotum on disc covered with narrow scales only. Wide scales on elytra smaller, flat, feebly imbricated and especially covering odd interspaces [Abb. 22]. Rostrum as in [Abb. 49]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 51]. Spermatheka [Abb. 52]. Russia meridionalis, Afghanistan, Anatolia.

turanensis🗺-Pronotum on disc partly covered with broad scales also. Wide scales on elytra larger (as in consputus, [Abb. 23]), slightly concave, more abundant and imbricated, with narrow scales covering part of interspaces 2, 3 and 4 only. Rostrum of ♀ [Abb. 50], rostrum of ♂ as in consputus [Abb. 53]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 54]. Asia anteriore, Russia meridionalis.

→ 32Tarsi with ungueal article of same length as articles 1-3, article 2 longer than wide. Rostrum as in [Abb. 55] [Abb. 56].

→ 33-Tarsi with ungueal article of same length as articles 2-3, article 2 wider than long. Rostrum otherwise.

klapperichi🗺Rostrum in ♀ very long, in ♂ as in [Abb. 56]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 57]. Afghanistan.

khnzoriani🗺-Rostrum in ♀ distinctly shorter, in ♂ as in [Abb. 55]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 58]. Tadzikistan.

longulus🗺Eye not prominent. Narrow scales on pronotum and elytra rectangular (length/width 3-4) Rostrum as in [Abb. 59]. Profemur in ♂ with feeble fringe of scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 60]. Spermatheka [Abb. 61]. Russia meridionalis, Mongolia, China, north-east.

→ 34-Eye prominent. Narrow scales on pronotum and elytra elongate, setalike (length/width 5-7). Profemur in ♂ with distinct fringe of white scales.

bisquamosus🗺Femur blackish, nearly unarmed. Rostrum as in [Abb. 62]. Spermatheka [Abb. 63]. Russia, south-east.

tridentinus Pen.🗺-Femur reddish, metafemur more or less toothed. Rostrum in ♀ more markedly curved at base. Aedoeagus [Abb. 64], [Abb. 65]. Spermatheka [Abb. 66]. South France, North Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Cechoslovacia, Hungary.

→ 36Prothorax subrectilinear at sides in basal half.

→ 38-Prothorax curved at sides.

uralensis🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 67]. Elytra covered with brown and white scales, the latter both as narrow as the brown ones at sides and wide, subelliptical, especially at base and at apical half. Elytra oval-elongate, at base distinctly wider than prothorax. Aedoeagus [Abb. 68]. Spermatheka [Abb. 69]. Ural to Afghanistan.

→ 37-Rostrum similar or equal to [Abb. 70]. Elytra covered with brown narrow scales and white broad scales. Elytra subrectangular, at base slightly wider than prothorax.

galloprovincialisBroad scales on odd elytral interspaces more abundant and smaller, arranged in 4-5 confused rows. Rostrum shorter and more curved [Abb. 70]. Southern France and Southern Spain. Aedoeagus [Abb. 71]. Spermatheka [Abb. 72]. France, Spain.

procerus🗺-Broad scales on odd elytral interspaces less abundant and larger, arranged in 2-3 partially regular rows. Rostrum slightly more elongate and less curved. Caucasus.

whiteheadi🗺Protibia in ♂ with a sharp tooth in middle. Rostrum as in [Abb. 73]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 74]. Iran.

→ 39-Protibia in ♂ unarmed. Rostrum as in [Abb. 32] and [Abb. 75].

amandus🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 75]. Narrow scales on dorsum silvery gray. Aedoeagus [Abb. 76]. Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan.

→ 40-Rostrum otherwise. Narrow scales on dorsum without or with slight cupreous to golden reflection.

intrusus🗺Elytra narrow (length/width 1.47-1.63), subrectangular. Rostrum as in [Abb. 32] (*). Aedoeagus [Abb. 77]. Spermatheka [Abb. 78]. North Africa, Asia anteriore. (*) See also reitteri (rarely), but rostrum as in [Abb. 38].

callidus🗺-Elytra slightly wider (length/width 1.34-1.48), subelliptical. Rostrum in ♂ as in galloprovincialis [Abb. 70]. Armenia.

turanensis🗺Prothorax slightly wider than long, slightly curved at sides, subflat on dorsum. Femur unarmed. Rostrum in ♂ as in consputus [Abb. 53], in ♀ as in [Abb. 50]. Near East, Russia meridionalis.

versicolor🗺-Prothorax transverse, distinctly curved at sides, convex on dorsum. Femur subdentate. Rostrum as in intrusus [Abb. 32]. Turkmenistan.

→ 43Prothorax transverse, curved at sides from base.

→ 46-Prothorax subquadrate.

laticollis🗺Femora toothed. Protibia in ♂ without tooth in middle. Prothorax strongly expanded, slightly convex on dorsum, as wide as elytra which are rectangular. Head [Abb. 79]. Spermatheka [Abb. 80]. Mediterranean.

→ 44-Femora either all unarmed or metafemur with a small tooth. Protibia in ♂ either toothed in middle or unarmed.

focarilei🗺Rostrum in lateral aspect about the same thickness from base to apex [Abb. 81]. Italy: South Appennin.

→ 45-Rostrum in lateral aspect tapered in apical half.

grenieri🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 82]. Protibia in ♂ toothed in middle. Prothorax more or less transverse. Scales on pronotum narrow, mostly grayish to brown-reddish in colour and broad, at most forming a slightly distinct mediobasal macula. Aedoeagus [Abb. 83]. Spermatheka [Abb. 84]. Mediterranean, Asia anteriore.

lacteoguttatus🗺-Rostrum as in [Abb. 85]. Protibia in ♂ unarmed in middle. Prothorax strongly expanded. Scales on pronotum narrow, dark brown in colour and broad, forming a distinct mediobasal macula. Spermatheka [Abb. 86]. Isreal, Jordan.

consputus🗺Antenna! funicle with six articles. Rostrum as in [Abb. 53]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 87]. Spermatheka [Abb. 88]. Mediterranean.

→ 47-Antenna! funicle with seven articles.

cuprinus🗺Broad scales on elytra assembled on interspaces 1, 5, 7 and 9. Rostrum as in [Abb. 89]. Body small (length mm 1.55-2.3). Aedoeagus [Abb. 90]. Spermatheka [Abb. 91]. Spain, Morocco.

→ 48-Broad scales on elytra assembled on interspace 1 and interspersed throughout. Rostrum otherwise. Body either small or robust.

→ 49Elytra short, subrectangular to subelliptical (length/width 1.34-1.41). Eye flat to slightly prominent. Rostrum as in [Abb. 92]. Narrow scales either unicolorous or lighter on some interspaces; broad scales on elytral interspaces small (as wide as 114-115 interspace width), flat.

→ 50-Elytra elongate (length/width 1.42-1.62). Eye distinctly prominent. Rostrum otherwise. Elytra with narrow scales arranged in greyish to brown maculae, broad scales larger (as wide as 1/2-113 interspace width), usually concave.

oriens🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 93]. Eye completely flat. Aedoeagus [Abb. 94]. Spermatheka [Abb. 95]. Tibet.

tectus🗺-Rostrum as in astragali [Abb. 92]. Eye slightly prominent. Aedoeagus [Abb. 96]. Siberia, North America.

→ 51Rostrum as in [Abb. 82]. Protibia in ♂ with a tooth in middle.

mixtus🗺-Rostrum as in [Abb. 97]. Protibia in ♂ unarmed in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 98]. Spermatheka [Abb. 99]. Northwest Africa.

antoineiPronotum with distinct mediobasal and laterobasal white maculae. Frons covered with white scales. Morocco, Canary Islands.

-Pronotum either without maculae or with confused laterobasal maculae and irregular median vitta of gray-yellowish scales. Frons covered with gray-yellowish scales. Head [Abb. 82]. Mediterranean, Near East. ...grenieri

→ 53Antennal funicle with six articles.

→ 55-Antennal funicle with seven articles.

festivus🗺Rostrum stout and scarcely sexually dimorphic, with suberect elongate setae well visible in lateral aspect along lower side near antenna! insertion. (as in seriepilosus, [Abb. 8]). Central to West Asia.

→ 54-Rostrum evidently sexnally dimorphic, without setae near antennal insertion.

alhagi🗺Tarsal article 3 slightly wider than article 2. Elytral scales both broad, concave, and narrow, setalike. Rostrum as in [Abb. 100]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 101]. Spermatheka [Abb. 102]. South Russia.

praescutellaris🗺-Tarsal article 3 distinctly wider than article 2. Elytral scales more uniform in shape: elliptical to rectangular. Rostrum as in [Abb. 103]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 104]. Spermatheka [Abb. 105]. Mongolia, China.

→ 56Broad scales on elytra (generally except on interspace 1) either very sparse or covering only a portion of interspace.

→ 62-Broad scales on elytra abundant and uniformly arranged throughout.

molestus🗺Rostrum as in astragali [Abb. 92]. Prothorax distinctly transverse, curved at sides. Broad scales on elytra sparsely interspersed throughout. Turkestan, Kyrgyzstan.

→ 57-Rostrum otherwise. Prothorax slightly transverse, rectangular to subquadrate, rectilinear laterally in basal half. Broad scales on elytra completely covering interspace 1 and sparsely interspersed throughout.

parallelus (Panz., 1794)🗺Habitus [Abb. 106]. Eye large, globose and distinctly prominent. Rostrum as in [Abb. 107]. Spermatheka [Abb. 108]. Europe, Northwest Africa.

→ 58-Eye small, slightly prominent to flat. Rostrum otherwise.

thompsoni Caldara, 1990🗺Tarsal article 3 slightly wider than article 2. Elytra suboval, humeri slightly prominent. Pronotum subflat on disc. Head [Abb. 109]. Tibet.

→ 59-Tarsal article 3 distinctly wider than article 2.

perrinae Caldara, 1990🗺Integument broadly exposed between scales, that are mostly hairlike and partly arranged in whitish and red-brown maculae on elytra. Aedoeagus [Abb. 110]. East China, North Vietnam.

→ 60-Scales on dorsum denser, mostly rectangular, either unicolorous or bicoloured, but not arranged in maculae.

uralensis🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 67]. Narrow scales on dorsum distinctly bicoloured: brown and white. Ural to Afghanistan.

→ 61-Rostrum otherwise. Narrow scales on dorsum either unicolorous or feebly bicoloured.

oriens🗺Eye flat. Rostrum as in [Abb. 93]. Tibet.

tectus🗺-Eye slightly prominent. Rostrum as in astragali [Abb. 92]. Siberia, North America.

→ 63Rostrum robust, scarcely sexually dimorphic [Abb. 107] [Abb. 111].

→ 66-Rostrum otherwise.

bivittatusRostrum strongly curved at base [Abb. 111]. Elytral interspaces with broad scales more rounded and largely arranged in double rows and a median row of narrow scales. Corsica, Sardinia .

→ 64-Rostrum regularly curved at base [Abb. 107]. Elytral interspaces with broad scales more elongate and arranged in 3-4 confused rows often only on some interspaces, and narrow scales more abundant on remaining interspaces.

albilaterus🗺Scales on dorsum very dense, completely concealing integument, rectangular on disc of pronotum. South Russia.

→ 65-Integument slightly exposed between scales on dorsum.

parallelus (Panz., 1794)🗺Habitus [Abb. 106]. Rostrum in lateral view tapered from antennal insertion to apex. Prothorax subparallel sided in basal half, covered with setalike scales. Head [Abb. 107]. Europe, North Africa.

hueti🗺-Rostrum in lateral view subparallel sided to apex. Prothorax slightly curved at sides from base, covered with rectangular scales. Calabria.

→ 67Elytral interspaces covered with broad scales, arranged in double rows, and narrow scales arranged in median rows.

→ 70-Elytral interspaces covered with broad scales, arranged in irregular rows, intermingled with narrower scales.

→ 68Elytral vestiture uniformly light brown to grayish.

→ 69-Elytral vestiture bicoloured, grayish to light brown and brown-reddish.

cretaceus🗺Median row of setalike scales on each elytral interspace slightly raised. Prothorax transverse. Rostrum scarcely sexually dimorphic (♀ [Abb. 112]). Protibia in ♂ without tooth in middle. Spermatheka [Abb. 113]. Spain.

eldae🗺-Median row of setalike scales on each elytral interspace recumbent. Prothorax slightly wider than long. Rostrum as in [Abb. 114]. Protibia in ♂ with a median tooth. Spermatheka [Abb. 115]. Near East.

ovalis🗺Elytral striae with hairlike scales distinctly narrower than the setalike scales covering interspaces 1-5. Rostrum in ♀ stout, in lateral view curved [Abb. 116]. Eye distinctly prominent. Spermatheka [Abb. 117]. Central and Eastern Asia.

filirostris🗺-Elytral striae with scales as wide as the scales forming a median row on each interspace [Abb. 118]. Rostrum in ♀ slender, in lateral view straight [Abb. 119]. Eye feebly prominent. Madeira.

kulzeri Pen.🗺Metafemur unarmed. Rostrum in lateral aspect slightly curved. Aedoeagus [Abb. 120]. Central to South-Eastern Europe.

→ 71-Metafemur toothed. Rostrum in lateral aspect distinctly curved.

graecus Kiesenwetter, 1864🗺Body robust (length mm 2.7-3.1). Greece, Turkey.

→ 72-Body usually smaller (length mm 2-3).

cinnamomeus Kiesw.🗺Rostrum very slender [Abb. 121]. Body usually larger (length mm. 2.45-3). Elytra subrectangular. South-Western Europe.

caldarai🗺-Rostrum more robust. Body usually smaller (length mm 2-2.7). Elytra curved at sides. Central and South-Eastern Europe.

→ 74Upper margin of scroba in basal half of rostrum with carina abruptly broken just before eye [Abb. 122]. Progena with a spot of yellow-whitish scales.

→ 77-Upper margin of scroba normally conformed. Progena without spot of scales.

olcesei Tournier, 1873🗺Elytra at base slightly wider than prothorax, humeri slightly prominent. Elytra and pronotum with elongate, setalike to hairlike scales distinctly raised. Northwest Africa.

→ 75-Elytra distinctly wider than prothorax, humeri prominent. Elytra and pronotum with scales and pili recumbent to slightly raised.

→ 76Pronotum at base with transversal vitta of white scales.

striatulus Gyll.🗺-Pronotum at base either without or with a median rounded macula of white scales. Head [Abb. 122]. Spermatheka [Abb. 123]. Central Europe to Near East.

peyerimhoffi🗺Prothorax subconical, with the largest point at basal third. Spermatheka [Abb. 124]. Algeria.

leprieuri🗺-Prothorax with the largest point at median third. Algeria.

→ 78Antenna! funicle with 6 articles.

→ 84-Antenna! funicle with 7 articles.

→ 79Vestiture on dorsum ofunicolorous hairlike scales (a few broad scales only at base of pronotum and on elytral interspace 1). Protibia in ♂ and antennae of usual shape.

→ 81-Vestiture on dorsum of brownish hairlike scales and whitish broad scales, forming three small maculae at mediobasal and laterobasal portions of pr notum and covering humeri and elytral interspace 1 at least in basal portion. Protibia in ♂ with a tooth in middle and with a fringe of elongate setae in distal portion. Antennae very short, funicle articles 3-6 strongly transverse.

hirtellus🗺Femur and tibia blackish to apex proximity. Elytra subrectangular, covered with scales which are sparse and arranged in 1-2 rows on each interspace. Creta, Levante.

→ 80-Leg brown. Elytra subelliptical, covered with more abundant scales, arranged in at least 3 uneven rows on each interspace.

picirostris (F., 1787)🗺Habitus [Abb. 125]. Length mm 1.75-2.15. Body slender. Elytral integument often brown-reddish, covered with scales arranged in 3-4 confused rows on each interspace. Aedoeagus [Abb. 126]. Spermatheka [Abb. 127]. Europe to Middle Asia, North America (imported).

pyrenaeus🗺-Length mm 2.2-2.4. Body robust. Elytral integument black, covered with more abundant scales arranged in 4-5 confused rows on each interspace. Pyrenees.

→ 82Tibia black at least in basal two thirds.

cuprifer (Panz., 1799)🗺-Habitus [Abb. 128]. Tibia reddish. Head [Abb. 129]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 130]. Spermatheka [Abb. 131]. Europe, Near East, North Africa.

doderoi🗺Pronotum at mediobasal portion distinctly gibbous. Antennae very short. Elytra distinctly wider than prothorax. Sicily, Sardinia.

→ 83-Pronotum normally shaped. Articles of antenna! funicle less strongly transverse. Elytra slightly wider than prothorax.

suturatus🗺Elytral interspace 1 uniformly covered with white broad scales. Elytral integument brown-blackish. Sardinia, Corsica.

cupriferoides🗺-Elytral interspace 1 covered with white broad scales only on basal portion. Elytral integument at least in part reddish. Southern Italy, Southern Greece, Morocco.

→ 85Abdominal vestiture of broad scales, which are distinctly indented at apex, and elongate pili intermixed. Vestiture on dorsum of hairlike scales, partly transversally arranged on pronotum.

→ 91-Abdominal vestiture otherwise.

chevrolati🗺Length mm 3.1-4. Eye distintly prominent. Vestiture on dorsum uniformly gray-yellowish. Metafemur with robust tooth. Rostrum as in [Abb. 132]. Spermatheka [Abb. 133]. Portugal, Morocco.

→ 86-Length < mm 3.15. Eye flattened. Vestiture on dorsum usually bicoloured, gray-yellowish and brown. Metafemur either unarmed or with a small tooth. Rostrum as in [Abb. 134].

→ 87Integument on dorsum brown, slightly exposed between scales.

→ 89-Integument on dorsum blackish, broadly exposed between sparse scales.

tessellatus🗺Vestiture on dorsum mostly of brown scales. Spain.

→ 88-Vestiture on dorsum mostly of gray-yellowish scales.

pardalis🗺Elytra distinctly curved laterally from base. Scales on dorsum hairlike. Morocco.

hierosolymus🗺-Elytra slightly curved laterally. Scales on dorsum less elongate, subrectangular. Near East.

crassior🗺Scales of elitral interspaces very thin, arranged in triple nearly regular rows; elytral striae well demarcated. Algeria.

→ 90-Scales of elytral interspaces more robust, unevenly arranged; elytral striae slightly demarcated.

lopezi🗺Pronotum convex, slightly curved at sides in basal half. Balearic Islands.

palaestinus🗺-Pronotum less convex, more curved at sides from base. Head [Abb. 134]. Near East.

→ 92Pronotum on disc with grooves and punctures.

→ 96-Pronotum on disc uniformly punctured.

oppositus🗺Rostrum stout and short, scarcely sexually dimorphic as in thoracicus [Abb. 135]. Elytral vestiture white on interspace 1 and coppery brown on remaining surface. Syria-Palestine.

→ 93-Rostrum slender and elongate. Elytral vestiture either uniformly or partly whitish on elytral interspaces.

longicrus🗺Rostrum in ♀ very elongate and slightly curved [Abb. 136]. Elytra subrectangular. Tunisia, Algeria.

→ 94-Rostrum in ♀ shorter and curved. Elytra slightly curved at sides from base.

hebes🗺Vestiture on dorsum of grayish scales. Rostrum in lateral aspect straight (as in tibialis, [Abb. 137]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 138]. South-Eastern Europe, Levante.

→ 95-Vestiture on dorsum distinctly bicoloured. Rostrum in lateral aspect markedly curved at base.

africanus🗺Length mm 2.5-3. Vestiture on dorsum slightly denser; scales wider, subelliptical, either without or with feeble cupreous reflection. North Africa.

balcanicus🗺-Length mm 1.95-2.4. Vestiture on dorsum less dense; scales hairlike with distinct metallic reflection. Spermatheka [Abb. 139]. Balkans, Turkey.

→ 97Rostrum very short and stout, scarcely sexually dimorphic as in [Abb. 135].

→ 100-Rostrum more elongate, usually especially in ♀.

→ 98Length mm 1.9-2.8. Prothorax distinctly curved at sides.

→ 99-Length mm 1.5-1.9. Prothorax feebly curved at sides.

thoracicus🗺Prothorax strongly enlarged, flattened on dorsum. Head [Abb. 135]. Spermatheka [Abb. 140]. South-Eastern Europe.

funicularis🗺-Prothorax less transverse, slightly convex on dorsum. South-Western Europe, North Africa.

cupricolor🗺Scales on pronotum with distinct metallic reflection. Prothorax slightly curved laterally from base. Anterior Asia.

dispar🗺-Scales on pronotum grayish, without metallic reflection. Prothorax with sides rectilinear in basal half. Southern Italy.

→ 101Rostrum in lateral view with some suberect elongate setae along lower side near antenna! insertion (as in seriepilosus, [Abb. 8]).

→ 103-Rostrum in lateral view without raised setae.

elongatulus🗺Marked contrast between the white scales of elytral striae and the brown scales of interspaces; the brown scales covering pronotum and basal portion of interspaces 2-4 with distinct cupreous reflection. Elytra elongate, rectangular, flattened on disc. North-Eastern Africa, Iran.

→ 102-Scales of elytral striae slightly distinguishable from the scales of interspaces because both partly whitish. Elytra slightly shorter, slightly convex on disc.

elegans🗺Eye slightly prominent. Elytra rectangular. Vestiture on dorsum of brown and white scales; the white scales forming a narrow longitudinal median vitta on pronotum and especially covering odd interspaces. Aedoeagus [Abb. 141]. Spermatheka [Abb. 142]. North-Western Africa, Spain, Southern France.

atlasicus🗺-Eye distinctly prominent. Elytra shorter, oblong. Vestiture on dorsum nearly unicolorous, grayish to light brown with feeble metallic reflection, pronotum with a whitish ill-defined broad longitudinal median vitta. North-Western Africa.

→ 104Vestiture on dorsum distinctly bicoloured.

→ 129-Vestiture on dorsum nearly unicolorous.

→ 105Rostrum in lateral view markedly curved at base, then nearly straight [Abb. 143].

→ 108-Rostrum otherwise.

→ 106Vestiture on dorsum very dense, of broad scales completely concealing integument.

elegantulus🗺-Integument on dorsum distinctly exposed between hairlike scales. Head [Abb. 144]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 145]. Spermatheka [Abb. 146]. North-Western Africa, Spain, France.

recognitus🗺Elytral vestiture of white scales intermixed with golden yellow scales on first interspaces. Algeria.

→ 107-Elytral vestiture of dark scales, which are black to brown without metallic reflection, and white scales differently arranged.

nigricollis🗺Vestiture on pronotum blackish, with 3 white basal maculae. Head [Abb. 143]. Spermatheka [Abb. 147]. Sicily, Algeria.

bruleriei🗺-Vestiture on pronotum brown to blackish, with 2-3 white longitudinal vittae. Syria to Egypt.

albocruciatus🗺Elytral vestiture dense, of both dark and whitish subrounded scales arranged in triple irregular rows on each interspace; the whitish scales forming a more or less distinct pattern at reversed T. Tarsal article 3 slightly bilobate, as wide as article 2. Rostrum slightly curved [Abb. 148]. Prothorax nearly as long as wide. Aedoeagus [Abb. 149]. Caucasus, Afghanistan, Tajikistan.

→ 109-Elytral vestiture otherwise. Tarsal article 3 bilobate, distinctly wider than article 2.

orchonicus🗺Eye flat. Mongolia.

→ 110-Eye more or less prominent.

→ 111Integument on dorsum completely concealed by dense vestiture; elytral striae feebly visible.

→ 114-Integument on dorsum exposed between scales; elytral striae usually distinctly visible.

farinosusPronotal vestiture of both golden brown and white scales; the latter forming two broad lateral vittae. Elytra elongate, flattened. Iberian Peninsula, Northwestern Africa.

→ 112-Pronotal vestiture without white lateral vittae. Elytra shorter, suboval, convex.

spinicrus🗺Eye markedly prominent. Rostrum in lateral aspect nearly straight. Corsica, Sardinia.

→ 113-Eye slightly prominent. Rostrum in lateral aspect curved. Asia.

affinis🗺Elytra with the widest point either at basal half or at middle. Prothorax transverse. Vestiture on dorsum of broad, sub oval scales. Claw process as long as 1/2 claw length. Southwestern Russia.

semiauratus🗺-Elytra with the widest point at apical half. Prothorax slightly transverse. Vestiture on dorsum with elongate, subelliptical scales. Claw process small, as long as 1/3 claw length. Mongolia.

→ 115Prothorax distinctly curved at sides, slightly narrower than elytra at base.

→ 123-Prothorax nearly subrectilinear at sides in basal half.

→ 116Metafemur either unarmed or subdentate. Protibia of ♂ with a sharp tooth in middle.

→ 117-Metafemur distinctly dentate. Protibia of ♂ unarmed in middle.

russicus🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 150]. Protibia of ♀ subdentate in middle. Metafemur subdentate. Aedoeagus [Abb. 151]. Spermatheka [Abb. 152]. Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor, Caucasus, Iran.

lineatulus Steph., 1831🗺-Habitus [Abb. 153]. Rostrum as in [Abb. 154]. Protibia of ♀ unarmed. Metafemur without tooth. Aedoeagus [Abb. 155]. Spermatheka [Abb. 156]. Europe, Levante.

→ 118Eye strongly prominent. Profemur of ♂ with a fringe of long white pili.

→ 122-Eye slightly prominent. Profemur of ♂ with a short fringe of scales.

→ 119Prothorax strongly expanded, flattened on dorsum. Elytra rectangular, slightly convex.

→ 120-Prothorax less transverse, convex on dorsum. Elytra suboval to subelliptical, strongly convex.

aurarius🗺Length mm 2.7-3.3. Head [Abb. 157]. Spermatheka [Abb. 158]. Greece, Asia Minor.

lautus🗺-Length mm 2.25-2.6. Southwestern Russia.

quinquepunctatus (L., 1758)🗺Habitus [Abb. 159]. Rostrum in lateral view markedly flattened in apical portion. Spermatheka [Abb. 160]. Europe.

→ 121-Rostrum in lateral view regularly tapered in apical portion.

irregularis🗺Prothorax slightly wider than long. Elytra elongate. Southern Europe to Siberia.

rusticus-Prothorax distinctly wider than long. Elytra short, more globose. Eastern Palearctic.

depressus🗺Prothorax strongly constricted at apex, with the widest point in apical half. Scales of elytral vestiture nearly unicolorous, gray-brownish with metallic reflection (except for the white ones on interspace 1). Head [Abb. 161]. Spermatheka [Abb. 162]. North Africa, South Italy, Corsica.

polylineatus (Germ., 1824)🗺-Habitus [Abb. 163]. Prothorax less markedly constricted at apex, with the widest point in middle. Scales of elytral vestiture elongate, hairlike, usually bicoloured, the paler ones covering odd interspaces without metallic reflection. Aedoeagus [Abb. 164]. Spermatheka [Abb. 165]. Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa.

→ 124Rostrum on dorsum distinctly with striae and carinae.

→ 126-Rostrum on dorsum feebly sculptured.

magnificus🗺Elytra short, only slightly longer than wide, parallel sided in anterior two thirds; humeri markedly prominent. Turkmenistan.

→ 125-Elytra elongate, with more or less prominent humeri.

lodosi🗺Rostrum black to apex. Elytral vestiture of blackish scales and white-yellowish scales, the latter covering interspaces 1, 5, 6 and 7. Turkey.

hauseri🗺-Rostrum brown. Elytral vestiture of brown scales and grayish scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 166]. Caucasus to Middle Asia.

→ 127Elytra broad, at base distinctly wider than prothorax. Rostrum regularly curved.

schneideri (Hbst., 1795)🗺-Habitus [Abb. 167]. Elytra elongate, at base slightly wider than prothorax. Rostrum strongly curved at base [Abb. 168]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 169]. Central to South-Eastern Europe, imported to New Zealand.

astragali🗺Prothorax transverse, slightly curved at sides from base. Heaf [Abb. 92]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 170]. Spermatheka [Abb. 171]. Balkan to Middle Asia.

→ 128-Prothorax slightly wider than long, subparallel sided in basal half.

schuleri🗺Vestiture on dorsum of hairlike scales. French Alps.

tectus🗺-Vestiture on dorsum of denser and wider scales. Asia.

→ 130Body robust (length mm 2.8-3.7) (*).Rostrum as in [Abb. 172]. Asia. (*) See also rare quinquepunctatus specimens, easily distinguishable for the strongly toothed metafemur.

→ 132-Above-mentioned characters not contemporaneously present.

fausti🗺Elytra elongate. Turkestan.

→ 131-Elytra short.

rufirostris🗺Eye flat. Prothorax subconical. Head [Abb. 172]. Spermatheka [Abb. 173]. South Russia, Iran.

retusus🗺-Eye slightly prominent. Prothorax subparallel sided in basal half. Turkmenistan.

→ 133Eye completely flattened. Rostrum in lateral aspect distinctly curved at base.

→ 134-Eye more or less convex (subflat in a few species, but in this case head in dorsal aspect subconical and rostrum in lateral aspect slightly curved at base).

meliloti Steph., 1831🗺Habitus [Abb. 174]. Rostrum in lateral aspect strongly curved at base and markedly tapered in apical half [Abb. 175]. Integument on dorsum slightly visible between hairlike scales. Protibia of ♂ with a tooth in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 176]. Spermatheka [Abb. 177]. Palearctic.

breviusculus Desbr., 1873🗺-Habitus [Abb. 178]. Rostrum in lateral aspect regularly curved at base and gradually tapered in apical portion [Abb. 179]. Integument on dorsum concealed by wider, subelliptical scales. Protibia of ♂ unarmed in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 180] [Abb. 181]. Spermatheka [Abb. 182]. Palearctic. (=micaceus Rey)

→ 135Rostrum strongly curved at base, then straight (as in nigricollis, [Abb. 143]). Elytra elongate.

→ 139-Rostrum otherwise.

→ 136Eye strongly prominent.

sanctus🗺-Eye slightly prominent. Syria, Lebanon, Isreal.

pauperculus🗺Length mm 2.85-3.3. Algeria, Tunisia.

→ 137-Length < mm 2. 7.

parallelipennis🗺Femur blackish. North Africa.

→ 138-Femur brown.

siculus🗺Vestiture on dorsum dense. Rostrum of ♀ slightly longer, more strongly curved at base. Spermatheka [Abb. 183]. North Africa, Sicily.

hoffmanni🗺-Vestiture on dorsum less dense. Rostrum of ♀ less elongate, less markedly curved at base. North-Western France.

→ 140Scales of elytral interpaces nearly uniform in width, oval to subelliptical, often elongate but never hairlike, concealing striae also: scales of striae about as long as or longer than those of interspaces, but rarely fine. Body of medium size.

→ 154-Vestiture of elytral interspaces of narrow, often hairlike scales, leaving the integument, striae especially, slightly visible; scales of striae hairlike. Body of medium to small size.

crassirostris Kirsch, 1871🗺Habitus [Abb. 184]. Rostrum short and stout [Abb. 185]. Elytra elongate. Aedoeagus [Abb. 186]. Spermatheka [Abb. 187]. Southern Europe to Kazakhstan.

→ 141-Rostrum more elongate.

→ 142Rostrum in lateral aspect distinctly flattened in apical portion.

→ 148-Rostrum in lateral aspect either regularly cylindrical or gradually tapered in apical portion.

→ 143Elytra short-oval.

→ 144-Elytra more elongate.

flavus Beck.🗺Scales on dorsum broad, elliptical, dense, concealing integument. Aedoeagus [Abb. 188]. Head [Abb. 189]. Europe to Siberia.

junceus (Reich, 1797)🗺-Habitus [Abb. 190]. Scales on dorsum elongate, subrectangular, leaving the integument broadly visible. Head [Abb. 191]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 192]. Spermatheka [Abb. 193]. Europe to Middle Asia.

→ 145Elytra elongate, elliptical to subtriangular. Scales of striae similar to those covering interspaces, all scales with marked metallic reflection.

→ 146-Elytra oval-elongate. Scales of striae slightly longer than those covering interspaces, generally all scales without metallic reflection.

longitubus🗺Rostrum of ♀ markedly elongate, distinctly longer than prothorax (Rlu/Plu 1.47-1.67). Elytra subtriangular-elongate. North Africa.

argentatus Chevrolat, 1859🗺-Rostrum of ♀ distinctly less elongate (Rlu/ Plu 0.93-0.98) [Abb. 194]. Elytra subelliptical. Aedoeagus [Abb. 195]. Spermatheka [Abb. 196]. Mediterranean.

→ 147Length mm 2.8-3.

aureolus Kiesw., 1851🗺-Habitus [Abb. 197]. Length mm 1.8-2.7. Head [Abb. 198]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 199]. Spermatheka [Abb. 200]. Palearctic.

aurichalceus🗺Vestiture on dorsum dense, with metallic reflection. Spain.

turkestanicus🗺-Vestiture on dorsum less dense, without metallic reflection. Southern Russia.

arcirostris🗺Elytra elongate. Vestiture on dorsum with distinct metallic reflection. Spermatheka [Abb. 201]. North Africa, South Italy.

→ 149-Elytra shorter, subelliptical to suboval. Vestiture on dorsum generally without metallic reflection.

→ 150Scales of elytral interspaces broad, suboval.

→ 152-Scales of elytral interspaces elongate, elliptical to subrectangular.

ochraceus🗺Eye slightly prominent. Protibia of ♂ with a tooth in middle. head [Abb. 202]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 203]. Spermatheka [Abb. 204]. South-Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa.

→ 151-Eye markedly prominent. Protibia of ♂ unarmed.

graecus🗺Rostrum in lateral aspect distinctly curved. Length mm 2.7-3.1. Greece, Turkey.

squamulatus Gyll., 1836🗺-Habitus [Abb. 205]. Rostrum in lateral aspect nearly straight. Length mm 1.75-2.65. Head [Abb. 206]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 207]. Spermatheka [Abb. 208]. Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa.

medicaginis Bris., 1862🗺Habitus [Abb. 209]. Length mm 2.05-2.4. Rostrum thinner, more strongly curved at base [Abb. 210]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 211]. Spermatheka [Abb. 212]. Europe to Middle Asia.

→ 153-Length mm 2.35-3.3.. Rostrum robust, less curved.

trivialis Boh., 1843🗺Habitus [Abb. 213]. Rostrum as in astragali [Abb. 92]. Central and South Europe to Siberia.

longiclava🗺-Rostrum more elongate in ♀. France (Maritime Alps).

→ 155Humeri distinctly prominent. Prothorax slightly wider than long, distinctly narrower than elytra at base.

→ 157-Humeri slightly prominent. Prothorax slightly narrower than elytra [Abb. 214].

naxiae🗺Elytra, femur and tibia blackish. Protibia of ♂ with a sharp tooth in middle. Mediterranean Region.

→ 156-Elytra and legs completely reddish. Protibia of ♂ without tooth in middle. Mongolia, China.

kerulensis🗺Rostrum in lateral aspect distinctly flattened in apical portion. Vestiture of elytral interspaces sparse. Mongolia, China.

vossi🗺-Rostrum in lateral aspect gradually tapered in apical portion [Abb. 215]. Vestiture of elytral interspaces dense. Aedoeagus [Abb. 216]. Spermatheka [Abb. 217]. Mongolia.

→ 158Scales of elytra (entirely or with exclusion of interspace 1) very thin, uniformly arranged. Stria! scales undistinguishable from those covering interspaces.

→ 160-Elytral scales slightly wider, thicker or arranged in rows on interspaces. Strial scales well distinguishable and finer than those covering interspaces.

→ 159Rostrum robust [Abb. 154]. Tibia reddish. Europe, Anterior Asia, North Africa.

krausei🗺-Rostrum thin [Abb. 218]. Tibia black, reddish at apex only. Aedoeagus [Abb. 219]. Spermatheka [Abb. 220]. Siberia.

lineatulus Steph., 1831🗺Habitus [Abb. 153]. Broad whitish scales covering elytral interspace 1. Pronotum less enlarged, more convex. Protibia of ♂ with a tooth in middle. Europe, Levante.

rufipennis Bris.🗺-All elytral scales hairlike. Pronotum very transverse, less convex. Protibia of ♂ without tooth in middle. Europe, North Africa.

→ 161Leg completely reddish (*).

→ 171-Femur dark brown (*). (*) See also rare specimens of astragali LZ >>>127 (legs reddish, rostrum as in [Abb. 92] and polylineatus LZ >>>122 (femora dark) with nearly greyish unicolorous dorsal vestiture. They are easily distinguishable by the larger size (length mm 2.4-3 and mm 2.3-3.4 respectively).

oedemerus🗺Profemur with a small tooth. Rostrum as in [Abb. 221]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 222]. Spermatheka [Abb. 223]. Southwestern part of Iberian Peninsula.

→ 162-Profemur unarmed.

bicolor Brisout, 1862🗺Habitus [Abb. 224]. Rostrum scarcely sexually dimorphic [Abb. 225]. Elytra elongate, subrectangular. Aedoeagus [Abb. 226] [Abb. 227]. Spermatheka [Abb. 228]. South Palearctic.

→ 163-Rostrum otherwise and distinctly sexually dimorphic. Elytra subelliptical.

→ 164Elytral vestiture of scales arranged in 1--2 nearly even rows on each interspace.

→ 166-Elytral vestiture of scales denser and arranged in 3-5 confused rows on each interspace.

→ 165Eye nearly flat, head subconical, rostrum elongate [Abb. 229] [Abb. 230]. Scales of elytral interspaces mostly arranged in double rows. Near East, Balkans.

rufipes🗺-Eye slightly more convex, head not subconical, rostrum shorter (as in pumilus, [Abb. 231]). Scales of elytral interspaces mostly arranged in single rows. North Africa, South Europe.

perpendus🗺Rostrum of ♀ markedly longer than prothorax (as in longinasus, [Abb. 230]). Body length mm 1.7-2. Profemur of ♂ without wide scales on distal half of anterior face. Aedoeagus [Abb. 232]. Syria to Palestine.

exiguus🗺-Rostrum shorter especially in ♀ [Abb. 229]. Body length mm 1.5-1.7. Profemur of ♂ with some wide scales on distal half of anterior face. Aedoeagus [Abb. 233]. Greece, Albania.

→ 167Last articles and club of antennae darker in colour than remaining portion.

→ 168-Antennae completely reddish.

longicollis🗺Prothorax longer than wide. Rostrum in lateral aspect feebly curved [Abb. 234]. Protibia of ♂ with a tooth in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 235]. South Europe, Tunisia.

pumilus Bris., 1862🗺-Habitus [Abb. 236]. Prothorax slightly wider than long. Rostrum in lateral aspect regularly curved (♀ [Abb. 231]). Protibia of ♂ without tooth in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 237]. Central Europe.

→ 169Body robust. Rostrum stout [Abb. 238].

→ 170-Body slender. Rostrum thin.

sharpi Tourn., 1873🗺Habitus [Abb. 239]. Prothorax distinctly transverse. Protibia of ♂ with a tooth in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 240]. Central Europe.

stephensi Schönh., 1836🗺-Habitus [Abb. 241]. Prothorax slightly wider than long. Protibia of ♂ without tooth in middle. Head [Abb. 238]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 242]. Spermatheka [Abb. 243]. Western Palearctic, imported to North America.

longinasus🗺Rostrum in lateral aspect subrectilinear, very elongate especially in ♀ [Abb. 230]. Profemur of ♂ without fringe of scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 244]. Turkey.

similaris🗺-Rostrum in lateral aspect curved (♀ [Abb. 245]). Profemur of ♂ with fringe of scales. North-Western Africa, Iberian Peninsula, Sardinia.

→ 172Tibia blackish at base.

→ 173-Tibia completely reddish.

tibialis Boh., 1843🗺Rostrum as in [Abb. 137]. Elytra elongate. Aedoeagus [Abb. 246]. Spermatheka [Abb. 247]. Europe, Asia Minor North Africa.

mitis🗺-Rostrum as in [Abb. 248]. Elytra short. Aedoeagus [Abb. 249]. Spermatheka [Abb. 250]. Levante.

→ 174Prothorax wider than long, curvilinear at sides from base.

→ 181-Prothorax nearly as wide as long, subrectilinear at sides.

curvirostris🗺Rostrum in lateral aspect strongly curved [Abb. 251]. Scales on dorsum dense, uniformly arranged in 3-4 confused rows on each elytral interspace. Body robust. In ♂ profemur without fringe and protibia without tooth in middle. Aedoeagus [Abb. 252]. Spermatheka [Abb. 253]. France, Spain; ? Italy, Tunisia.

→ 175-Rostrum in lateral aspect less curved. Scales on dorsum less dense, arranged in 1-3 nearly regular rows on each elytral interspace.

→ 176Last articles and club of antennae darker in colour than remaining portion.

→ 178-Antennae completely reddish (sometimes club darker).

curtirostris🗺Rostrum robust [Abb. 254]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 255]. Easterm Mediterranean.

→ 177-Rostrum slender.

pusillus Germ., 1842🗺Habitus [Abb. 256]. Rostrum as in [Abb. 257]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 258]. Spermatheka [Abb. 259]. Easterm Mediterranean.

reduncus🗺-Rostrum slightly more curved, as in ruflcornis [Abb. 260]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 261]. Morocco.

ruficornis🗺Length mm 1.3-1.7. Rostrum slender [Abb. 260], curved. Elytral vestiture of scanty scales arranged in 1-2 confused rows on each interspace. Aedoeagus [Abb. 262]. South-Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Levante.

→ 179-Body slightly longer. Rostrum more robust, sligthly curved. Elytral vestiture of denser scales arranged in 2-3 confused rows on each interspace.

pellitus🗺Body and rostrum as in stephensi [Abb. 238]. Elytral scales hairlike, very long. In ♂ profemur without fringe of scales and protibia without tooth in middle. Syria.

→ 180-Rostrum otherwise. Elytral scales shorter and slightly thicker. In ♂ profemur with distinct fringe of scales and protibia with a tooth in middle.

grandicollis🗺Rostrum in lateral aspect subrectilinear [Abb. 263]. Body larger; elytra short, suboval. Profemur of ♂ with fringe of scales on distal half of anterior face. Aedoeagus [Abb. 264]. Spermatheka [Abb. 265]. Southwest Mediterranean.

decretus🗺-Rostrum in lateral aspect curved at base (♀ [Abb. 266]). Body more elongate; elytra subelliptical. Profemur of ♂ with fringe of scales on lower face. Aedoeagus [Abb. 267]. Southwest Mediterranean.

cylindricollis🗺Rostrum as in ruficornis [Abb. 260]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 268]. Spermatheka [Abb. 269]. Central Spain.

monticola🗺-Rostrum as in longicollis [Abb. 234]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 270]. Spermatheka [Abb. 271]. Morocco.