Gattung Laparocerus Schoenherr, 1834

By Arved Lompe (edited original of Antonio Machado)

Machado, A. (2008): New Taxa of Laparocerus Schönherr, 1834 from Madeira and Porto Santo, with a key to the Species of the Madeiran Archipelago (coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) - Graellsia, 64(2): 307-328 >>>"F:\taxa\coleo\scans\Machado2008 Laparocerus.pdf"

Exept one species from Marocco all species are inhabitants of the Makaronesian Islands and especially in the Canary Islands. According to external characteristics, they are not always assigned to the subgenera. Here only the Madeirean species are treated.

Anillobius Fauvel, 1907Eyeless [Abb. 1]. Subgenus

→ 2-With eyes.

→ 3Integument bare or more or less densely beset with longitudinal scales. Eyes in lateral view near or reaching frons level. Scape slender.

→ 34-Integument fully covered with short drop-like scales. Eyes tiny, in lateral view placed at mid-face, distant from frons level. Scape strongly incrassate (subg. Lichenophagus).

→ 4Scape capitate (apically swollen for 1/4-1/5th of its length), usually straight or sinuous.

→ 16-Scape clavate (progressively and smoothly widening towards apex), usually arcuate.

→ 5Size < 5 mm. Male protibiae never incurved apically (subg. Wollastonius).

→ 8-Size > 5 mm. Male protibia clearly incurved apically.

waterhousei (Wollaston, 1854)Pronotum conical, broadest at base; integument smooth, with shallow micro-punctures. Elytra bare, with some patches of few apressed scales. Aedoeagus [Abb. 2]. Madeira, Deserta Grande.

→ 6-Pronotum broadest at or near middle; integument strongly and coarsely punctured. Elytra uniformly clothed with scales, with or without protruding setae or hairs.

aenescens (Wollaston, 1854)Integument glossy with golden sheen. Elytra with abundant long hairs throughout [Abb. 3]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 4]. 3,6-4 mm. Madeira.

→ 7-Integument nitid-alutaceous, without golden sheen. Elytra with short curved (backward-pointing) protruding setae.

angustulus (Wollaston, 1854)Elytra elongate-subparallel (L/W > 1.37), base concave, setae short and scarcely protruding in apical half. Madeira.

ventrosus (Wollaston, 1854)-Elytra shorter (L/W < 1.37), with rounded sides; base straighter, setae clearly protruding throughout, longer and more conspicuous. Madeira.

→ 9Rostrum dorsally not constricted, sides subparallel; epistomal keel complete and strongly developed (subg. Laparocerus).

→ 13-Rostrum dorsally constricted before the level of insertion of antennae; epistomal keel obsolete or poorly marked (subg. Atlantis, pars).

distortus (Wollaston, 1854)Elytra widest at basal third; shoulders markedly protruding forwards. Male metatibiae strongly expanded, widest near middle. Madeira.

→ 10-Elytra widest at or near middle; shoulders rounded and not projecting forwards. Male metatibiae less expanded, widest pre-apically.

#10

→ 11Male metatibiae with posterior apical lobe more abruptly protruding; articular smooth area broadly triangular [Abb. 5] [Abb. 6]. Aedeagus with two rows of more than 30 teeth at base of internal sac.

→ 12-Male metatibiae with posterior apical lobe not or slightly protruding; articular smooth area trapezoidal or quadrangular (usually longer than broader) [Abb. 7] [Abb. 8]. Aedeagus with two rows of 9-13 teeth at base of internal sac.

#11

chaoensis Uyttenboogaart, 1940Male metatibiae with large internal apical notch (> 1/3 length of apical rim, fig. 3P). Internal sac of aedeagus with two rows of 30-31 teeth at base. Ilheu de Chão and Bugio.

cevadae Roudier, 1961-Male metatibiae with extremely short internal apical notch (< 1/3 length of apical rim, [Abb. 6]). Internal sac of aedeagus with two rows of 50-70 teeth at base. Ilheu da Cevada. chaoensis ssp.

#12

cryptus Machado, 2008Habitus [Abb. 9] [Abb. 10]. Appressed linear scales of elytra shorter, hardly overlapping [Abb. 11]. Crenulation of internal margin of male metatibia stronger; outer apical margin almost straight; articular smooth area more elongate [Abb. 8]. Males and females less different in width. Aedoeagus [Abb. 12] [Abb. 13], Spermatheka [Abb. 14]. Porto Santo, Deserta Grande, and Madeira: Ponta de São Lourenço.

morio Boheman, 1834-Habitus [Abb. 15]. Appressed linear scales of elytra longer, overlapping [Abb. 16]. Crenulation of internal margin of male metatibia less developed; outer apical margin slightly protruding; articular smooth area more trapezoidal [Abb. 7]. Males clearly narrower than females. Aedoeagus [Abb. 17]. Madeira, except Ponta de São Lourenço and islets.

#13

→ 14First metatarsal article with asymmetric base. Male metatibiae with preapical combs of very long hairs.

→ 15-First metatarsal article symmetrically tapering towards base. Male metatibiae with normal pilosity (no special combs).

#14

undulatus (Wollaston, 1854)Pronotum with separate large deep punctures. Elytra with undulating uneven intervals. Male metatibiae pre-apically notched. Madeira.

lindbergi Roudier, 1963-Pronotum with coalescent punctures of strong variolose appearance. lytral intervals without undulations. Male metatibiae not notched. Madeira.

#15

clavatus (Wollaston , 1854)Pronotum notably much broader at base than apex. Elytral shoulders strongly projecting forwards (porrect). Male proand mesotibiae each with strong mucro (Madeira).

serrado Machado, 2008-Pronotum less broad at base, sides more uniformly and strongly curved. Elytral shoulders not or slightly projecting forwards. Male pro- and mesotibiae with tiny mucro. Habitus [Abb. 18]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 19]. Spermatheka [Abb. 20]. Madeira.

#16

→ 17Male metatibiae with apical posterior projecting lobe; tarsal articular area smooth and notably extended along inner face of tibia. Elytra always with long erect hairs (approx. as long as first metatarsal segment) (subgen. Atlantis, pars).

→ 23-Metatibiae of males simple, not particularly expanded at apex. Elytra with or without long hairs.

#17

→ 18Elytra bearing tufts of strong black setae (single setae in some females) in addition to the longer testaceous hairs.

→ 19-Elytra with normal long pilosity, without additional tufts of strong black setae.

#18

lamellipes (Wollaston, 1854)Second tarsal segment elongate; first and second segment of antennal funicle of equal length.

hobbit Machado, 2008-Second tarsal segment strongly transverse; first segment of antennal funicle shorter than second. Habitus [Abb. 21], Aedoeagus [Abb. 22]. Spermatheka [Abb. 23].

#19

madeirensis Machado, 2008Pronotum dull in contrast with the elytra. Elytra elliptical, with pilosity clearly much longer in apical third (anterior apical process of male metatibiae less protruding, almost running parallel and shortly truncated apically). Habitus [Abb. 24]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 25]. Spermatheka [Abb. 26].

→ 20-Pronotum as shiny as elytra. Elytra oblong, with more uniform pilosity. Anterior apical process of male metatibiae differently shaped or absent.

#20

vespertinus (Wollaston, 1854)Pronotum widest at middle; sides uniformly rounded. Male metatibiae progressively expanded apicad (cuneiform), only with upper process, which is less salient than first metatarsal segment. Madeira.

→ 21-Pronotum widest after middle, sides more straight near anterior margin. Male metatibiae abruptly and strongly expanded apically, with long posterior process and short anterior process or heel.

#21

calcatrix (Wollaston, 1854)Elytra clearly widest behind middle; male metatibiae with posterior process longer and more acute (about 30º), its anterior process or heel strongly protruding and beak-like; femora strongly incrassate. Madeira.

→ 22-Elytra widest at middle; male metatibiae with posterior process shorter and less acute (> 40º); femora not especially incrassate.

#22

noctivagans (Wollaston, 1854)Anterior process or heel of male metatibiae acute. Elytra with more sparse and robust pilosity. Madeira.

lauripotens (Wollaston, 1854)-Anterior process or heel of male metatibiae rounded, hump-like shaped. Elytra more densely and softly pilose. Madeira.

#23

→ 24Elytra with rounded-off anterior angles (effaced shoulders), usually stout, and of rounded appearance (except L. stuebeni). Clavate scape feebly and uniformly arcuate (subgen. Pseudatlantis).

→ 30-Elytra clearly truncate at base (marked angles), appearance elongate and never stout. Clavate scape clearly curved in basal third or half (subgen. Atlantodes).

#24

excelsus (Wollaston, 1854)Elytra devoid of conspicuous erect setae or hairs (tiny recumbent setae hardly protruding in apical half). Madeira.

→ 25-Elytra with noticeable erect protruding setae or hairs.

#25

schaumii (Wollaston, 1854)Protruding stiff setae isolated and restricted to posterior half of elytra. Madeira, Porto Santo, Ilheu de Fora, Ilheu da Cevada.

→ 26-Elytra and pronotum with uniform vestiture of protruding bent setae.

#26

silvaticus Machado, 2008Male protibiae almost straight at apex, without mucro; elytra stout (see in profile) with short pubescence. Habitus [Abb. 27]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 28]. Spermatheka [Abb. 29]. Madeira, windward side.

→ 27-Male protibiae shortly incurved at apex, with mucro; elytra not stout and with 1.5-2.0x longer pubescence.

#27

abditus Roudier, 1963Elytra with broad-ovate outline, clearly broader than pronotum, in males 1.7x. Madeira.

stuebeni Machado, 2008-Elytra with oblong-elongate outline, slightly broader than pronotum, in males 1.3x. Habitus [Abb. 30]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 31]. Spermatheka [Abb. 32]. Madeira.

#28

→ 29Anterior femora with long protruding hairs; protibiae very hairy.

→ 32-Anterior femora without long protruding hairs; protibia with normal pilosity.

#29

→ 30Elytra and pronotum with erect setae or hairs over the entire surface.

→ 31-Erect setae restricted to apical third of elytra.

#30

lanatus (Wollaston, 1854)Elytra with abundant long erect silken hairs (as long as or longer than onychium). Protibiae with external apical angle rounded. Madeira.

mendax (Wollaston, 1854)-Elytra with decumbent setae, shorter than onychium. Protibiae with external apical angle briefly salient. Porto Santo.

#31

colasi Roudier, 1958.Scape more robust, widening from near the base. Madeira.

navicularis (Wollaston, 1854).-Scape slender at base, widening from near middle. Porto Santo.

#32

inconstans (Wollaston, 1854)Rostrum with small, less salient pterygia. Eyes elongate, with convexity <35%. Porto Santo.

→ 33-Rostrum with large outstanding pterygia. Eyes globose, with convexity >38%.

#33

instabilis (Wollaston, 1854)Elytra with few erect setae only at apex. Eyes more outstanding. Pronotum less rounded laterally at base. Porto Santo.

prainha Machado, 2008-Elytra with small erect whitish setae, including on shoulders. Eyes less convex. Pronotum more rounded laterally at base. Habitus [Abb. 33]. Aedoeagus [Abb. 34]. Spermatheka [Abb. 35]. Madeira: Ponta de São Lourenço.

#34

fritillus Woll., 1854Insect with ovate outline. Elytra with erect setae hardly noticeable. Aedoeagus [Abb. 36]. Porto Santo).

acuminatus Woll., 1854-Insect with oblong-parallel outline. Elytra with conspicuous erect hairs. Deserta Grande.

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